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Madhava Ashish (1920–1997) was a Scottish born naturalized Indian spiritualist, mystic, writer and agriculturist, known for his services to Indian agriculture. He was the head of the Mirtola Ashram located in the village of same name, near Almora, in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. He published several articles on the topics of agriculture and ecology of India. He was also the author of four books, ''What is Man?'', ''Man, The Measure of All Things'', ''Man, Son of Man'' and ''An Open Window''. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 1992 for his contributions to the agriculture sector in India. == Biography == Madhava Ashish was born Alexander Phipps, on 20 February 1920 at Edinburgh to a Colonel working in the British Indian Army and his early schooling was at Hove and Sherborne.〔 Later, he studied aeronautical engineering at Chelsea Polytechnic and joined Royal Air Force to be based at Doncaster and at Brooklands, Surrey. When the World War II started in 1939, Phipps was deputed to India, at a glider manufacturing unit near Dum Dum airport, Kolkata where he is reported to have been engaged in the repairs of Supermarine Spitfire engines.〔 The turning point in his life reportedly came when, on a vacation in 1944, he had the opportunity to visit Sri Ramana Ashram of Ramana Maharshi, at Tiruvannamalai and known to have come under the influence of the renowned Indian sanyasin. When the war ended the same year, he stayed on in India to continue his spiritual searches. Assisted by Esther Merston, the author of the ''Village Life By the Ganges'', he moved to Mirtola Ashram, a spiritual base at the foothills of the Himalayas, near Almora district, in the Kumaon valley.〔 Since then, the ashram, founded in 1930 by Yashoda Mai and Sri Krishna Prem, remained his home till his death in 1997.〔 At the ashram, Phipps submitted to the way of life there, turned into a vegetarian Vaishnav sanyasin, and practised meditation.〔 He also took up the name of Madhava Ashish. When, Sri Krishna Prem, then head of the ashram, died in 1965, he became the head and oversaw the management of the institution till his death.〔 He also involved himself with ecological and environmental issues and started experimenting with agricultural techniques which he passed on to the local farmers. Under his stewardship, the ashram became self-sufficient with own agricultural, dairy and poultry farming.〔 His work is also known to have influenced the government to introduce agriculture as a subject of instruction in the schools in the region. He wrote several articles on agriculture and preservation of ecology. He also wrote three books, ''What is Man?'',〔 ''Man, Son of Man''〔 and ''An Open Window''〔 and co-authored ''Man, the Measure of All Things'', along with Sri Krishna Prem,〔 the sanyasin he succeeded as the head of Mirtola Ashram.〔 The book was started by Sri Krishna Prem but Ashish completed it and the book narrates the life and times of Helena Blavatsky, the co-founder of the Theosophical Society of India. His involvement with agriculture and ecology earned him memberships in many committees of the Planning Commission of India.〔 The Government of India awarded him the civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 1992. Five years later, Ashish died on 13 April 1997, succumbing to cancer, which had been troubling him for some time. He left behind an unfinished book, the biography of his mentor, Sri Krishna Prem.〔 His life has been the subject of many writings and ''Masters Speak: An American Businessman Encounters Ashish and Gurdjieff'' recounts the experiences of Symour B. Ginsburg, an American businessman and the founder president of Toys R Us, US based children's goods retailer, had with Ashish, during his visit to Mirtola. ''Guru by Your Bedside: The Teachings of a Modern Seer'' is a Penguin India publication by S. D. Pandey, a biographical account of Ashish which includes details about Mirtola and its spirituality. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Madhava Ashish」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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